Is urinary kim-1 a better biomarker than its serum value in diagnosis of Acute Kidney Injury disease?

Abstract

Background: Urinary Kidney Injury Molecule 1 (KIM-1) is a proximal tubular injury biomarker for early detection of acute kidney injury (AKI) Aim of the study: To study the accuracy of Serum (KIM-1) test and Urinary kim-1 as an earlier biomarkers rather than serum creatinine (S.Cr) in early diagnosis of (AKI) . Methods: a prospective observational case control study was carried out on 10 adult subjects as a control group and 45 cases from admitted to intensive care unit in Port Said National hospital with normal serum creatinine , non diabetic and at risk of developing acute kidney injury . Age of all participants range from 40 to 60 years old Blood and urin samples were collected to measure and compare serum creatinine ,urea, albumin/creatinin ratio ,uric acid and estimated glomular filtration rate with serum (KIM-1) and Urinary kim-1 for 5-7 days . Results : the measurements of urinary kim1 increased obviously by many folds in acute renal failure patients than its average number of healthy patients. while its increase in serum were high but with low number of folds, these folds enough to make it a better biomarker in urine than serum. Conclusion: the study demonstrates that urin and serum kim-1 are reliable markers in early detection & diagnosis of AKI and KIM-1 is better urinary biomarker than serum KIM-1.