Is Single Administration of Prophylactic Antibiotics Enough after Laparoscopic Appendectomy for Uncomplicated Appendicitis?

Abstract

Purpose: Research comparing the effectiveness of different doses of antibiotics prior to surgery for preventing infection is sparse. This study examines whether a single dose of pre-operative antibiotics suffices to treat uncomplicated appendicitis via laparoscopic appendec-tomy. Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 149 patients who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy from July 2013 to December 2014 in a single institution. The participants were divided into two groups; group A (n=99) was given a single dose of prophylactic antibiotics before surgery, and group B (n=50) was given both preoperative and postoperative antibiotics. Clinical factors and surgical outcomes were compared between two groups. Results: The mean length of hospital stay for group A (2.5 days) was shorter than for group B (3.2 days) (p＜0.001). Average operation time was 58.7 minutes for group A, longer than for group B (52.2 minutes, p=0.027). There was no difference in pathologic results and postoperative complications, such as surgical site infection (SSI) between the two groups. In groups A and B, 4.0% of patients had superficial SSIs. One patient (2.0%) in group B had deep/organ SSI. Conclusion: A single dose of prophylactic antibiotics administration to patients undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy is acceptable as a treatment in uncomplicated appendicitis. (J Acute Care Surg 2015;5:59-63)