Using computer systems in various environments: A framework to observe social factors associated to Digital Gap

Abstract

Social and ethical issues in computing are deeply intertwined with the Digital Gap - DG, limiting employability, education, and citizenship participation, while reinforcing social inequalities. This study aims to observe DG through associated factors systematically organized into dimensions, categories, and subcategories. Building on a literature review and fieldwork in educational, employability, and civic contexts, we adapted an observation framework originally designed for perseverance assessment in classrooms. The methodology integrates direct and indirect expert observations with recursive cycles of analysis, producing. From a multidimensional matrix that characterizes DG as a socio-technical phenomenon rather than a merely technical issue, we propose a framework which demonstrates how integrating social and technological factors enables more comprehensive evaluation and supports decision-making toward remediation strategies. In conclusion, the study contributes to advancing digital inclusion and addressing DG as both a social and ethical responsibility.