What Factors Influence the Age at Diagnosis of Sickle Cell Anemia in Enugu, Nigeria?

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed at determining the factors that influence the age at diagnosis of sickle cell anemia among children in Enugu, Nigeria. Methods: One hundred and fifty seven children with sickle cell anemia were recruited consecutively using a researcher administered questionnaire. Information obtained from patient’s mother included patient’s bio-data, social history, family history, age at confirmation of diagnosis and clinical information. Result: There was a wide variation of the age at diagnosis of sickle cell anemia ranging from 2 months to 14.7 years with a median age of 24 months. Only 10.4% were diagnosed before the age of six months and all were diagnosed after they have presented with symptoms and complications. The age of the mother and having an elder sibling with sickle cell anemia significantly affected the age at which the disease is diagnosed. Conclusion: There is a delay in the diagnosis of sickle cell anemia in Enugu with mother’s age and having an elder sibling with the disease influencing the age at diagnosis.