The Existence of Pesantren in The Dutch East Indies Government Pressure

Abstract

Academic anxiety in this article is that pesantren, as the oldest Islamic religious education institution in the Nusantara, experienced a lot of pressure during the Dutch East Indies Government through the policies it enforced. So the first problem formulation will explain the Zending school policy imposed by the Dutch East Indies Government to compete with pesantren. The second problem formulation will explain the Teacher Ordinance policy to limit pesantren scholars’ movement in teaching Islam. From the formulation of the first problem, it is explained that the Dutch East Indies Government’s efforts by providing large financial subsidies for priests and zending school students experienced success at the beginning of the period, but failed in the next period. Whereas the second problem formulation explains the imposition of strict administrative requirements before undergoing learning activities, the prohibition of study activities if the pesantren does not meet the stipulated conditions produces more students who dare to oppose colonialism, so the Dutch East Indies Government revoked the Teacher Ordinance in 1928.