Community Perspectives on COVID-19 Vaccines: A Case Study of Low-Income Earners in Oshodi/Isolo Local Government Area, Lagos State, Nigeria

Abstract

COVID-19 vaccines play a crucial role in reducing illness and death caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite their availability, disparities in vaccine uptake persist among low-income earners in Nigeria. Community organizations are vital in spreading essential vaccine information, understanding reasons for vaccine hesitancy, and promoting vaccine acceptance among the communities they serve. This study aimed to assess perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines among low-income communities in Oshodi/Isolo Local Government Area, Lagos State, Nigeria. Using a descriptive cross-sectional study design, data were collected from consenting adults via structured questionnaires with closed-ended questions. A total of 651 respondents participated, with the majority from Ejigbo (36.1%), followed by Isolo (33.9%), and Oshodi (30.0%). Most respondents were aged 18-45 years, and nearly equal numbers of males and females participated. Respondents' perceptions of COVID-19 vaccines were assessed through eight questions. Overall, perceptions were positive, with Ejigbo showing slightly higher perception scores compared to Isolo and Oshodi. Trust in the scientists who developed these vaccines likely contributed to this positive perception. While citizens were willing to receive COVID-19 vaccines, distrust in government programs and religious beliefs could hinder vaccination efforts. Targeted educational initiatives are necessary to address misconceptions, particularly in communities where religious beliefs strongly influence health decisions. Rebuilding trust between the government and citizens is crucial for achieving higher vaccination rates against COVID-19.