Implementación de una mini-red de sensores inalámbricos para detección temprana de incendios forestales

Abstract

This article presents the implementation of an early warning system in the event of a forest fire, avoiding the loss of extensive wooded areas, flora, fauna, and health conditions of inhabitants surrounding the affected areas. The mini network has at its core Raspberry Pi cards in the Zero and 2B+ versions for processing environment data and XBee S3B wireless communication modules for interconnection between the transmitter and coordinator nodes. This solution takes advantage of the high processing capacity of the Raspberry Pi platform and the low energy consumption of the sensors and wireless communication modules, resulting in an autonomous, portable, rapid deployment and low-cost system, additionally with the purpose of verifying and to visually discriminate the presence of an outbreak of fire, camera modules are inserted that allow images to be captured, which are stored on a web server hosted in the cloud. To analyze the performance and proper location of the nodes that make up the mini-network, in situ measurements are made to assess the maximum coverage area and packet loss during ZigBee wireless transmission, resulting in a reliable, autonomous alert system. and low cost.