Prediction of central lymph node metastasis in patients with thyroid papillary microcarcinoma

Abstract

Background/aim: The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) and predictive factors for central lymph node metastasis (CLNM). Materials and methods: Patients diagnosed as having PTC and PTMC were evaluated. Clinical and laboratory parameters were recorded. Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 47.3 ± 11.9 years. Of all 223 patients, 91 (40.8%) had lymph nodes removed, 29 of whom had lymph node metastasis and 24 of whom had only CLNM. Univariate analysis revealed that central lymph node metastasis was associated with male sex, presence of bilaterality, presence of extrathyroidal extension, and tumor size (P = 0.033, P = 0.027, P < 0.001, P < 0.001, respectively). However, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that sex, age, tumor size, multifocality, bilaterality, extrathyroidal extension, clinical suspicion, and chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis were not significantly correlated with an increased risk for CLNM. Conclusion: Lymph node metastasis is known to be a significant predictor of locoregional recurrence in patients with PTC and PTMC. Further prospective studies are needed to identify the extent of surgery such as central lymph node dissection in patients with PTC or PTMC.