Physically-based forehead animation including wrinkles

Abstract

Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. A fully physically-based animation approach is presented for efficiently producing realistic-looking animations of facial movement, including expressive wrinkles. Detailed voxel-based models are simulated using a graphics processing unit-based finite element solver. Our flexible approach enables different muscle structures and material parameters to be used, for example, to animate different aged skins. Physically-based animation techniques enable more realistic and accurate animation to be created. We present a fully physically-based approach for efficiently producing realistic-looking animations of facial movement, including animation of expressive wrinkles. This involves simulation of detailed voxel-based models using a graphics processing unit-based total Lagrangian explicit dynamic finite element solver with an anatomical muscle contraction model, and advanced boundary conditions that can model the sliding of soft tissue over the skull. The flexibility of our approach enables detailed animations of gross and fine-scale soft-tissue movement to be easily produced with different muscle structures and material parameters, for example, to animate different aged skins. Although we focus on the forehead, our approach can be used to animate any multi-layered soft body.