Development of energetic additives for propellants in china

Abstract

The development of energetic azide binders and plasticizers for solid propellents in China is described in this article. Fourteen representatives of azides synthesized mainly by the authors on a small laboratory scale are involved. The reaction routes and conditions for preparing these azides are summerized; performance of the azides, including density, melting point, enthalpy of formation, thermal decomposition temperature determined by differential scanning calorimetry or differential thermal analysis, impact sensitivity, etc, were tested and are presented. The application of these azides to solid propellants or plastic-bonded explosives is still comparatively new in this country, with very little information available at the present time. A few results are briefly mentioned in this article. We arrange the stated azides under the following six categories: 1) azide poly ether: glycidyl azide polymer ([C3H5N3O])n, the homopolymer of 3, 3-bis(azidomethyl) oxetane (C5H8N6O) (BAMO), and the copolymer of BAMO/tetrahydrofuran (C4H8O); 2) Azidonitramine: l, 5-diazido-3-nitrazapentane, N-nitro-N-azidomethylgemdinitroethyl methylamine, and N, ^V'-bis(azidomethylgemdinitroethyl)ethylenedinitramine; 3) Azidonitro compounds: 2-nitro-2-methyl-l, 3-diazidopropane, 2-nitro-2-azidomethyl-l, 3-diazidopropane, and l-azido-2-(2, 4, 6-trinitrophenyl)ethane; 4) aliphatic azide: l, 2, 4, triazidobutane and tetraazidomethylemethane; 5) Azidonitrate: pentaerythritol diazido dinitrate; and 6) oxygen heterocyclic azide: 3-azidomethyl-3-ethyloxetane, and 2, 2-dimethyl-5-azidomethyl-5-nitro-l, 3-dioxane. © 1995 American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc., All rights reserved.