Recent Patents and FDA-Approved Drugs Based on Antiviral Peptides and Other Peptide-Related Antivirals

Abstract

In spite of existing cases of severe viral infections with a high mortality rate, there are not enough antiviral drugs and vaccines available for the prevention and treatment of such diseases. In addition, the increasing reports of the emergence of viral epidemics highlight, the need for novel molecules with antiviral potential. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with antiviral activity or antiviral peptides (AVPs) have turned into a research hotspot and already show tremendous potential to become pharmaceutically available antiviral medicines. AMPs, a diverse group of bioactive peptides act as a part of our first line of defense against pathogen inactivation. Although most of the currently reported AMPs are either antibacterial or antifungal peptides, the number of antiviral peptides is gradually increasing. Some of the AMPs that are shown as effective antivirals have been deployed against viruses such as influenza A virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), HIV, HSV, West Nile Virus (WNV), and other viruses. This review offers an overview of AVPs that have been approved within the past few years and will set out a few of the most essential patents and their usage within the context mentioned above during 2000–2020. Moreover, the present study will explain some of the progress in antiviral drugs based on peptides and peptide-related antivirals.