Improving food system outcomes with beans, peas and pulses: a prospective mapping review of research in the UK

Abstract

Objective: To map the spread of research on legumes, including beans, peas and other pulses; to identify research gaps and opportunities relating to the use of legumes for improved human nutrition, health and environmental outcomes; and to develop a novel method for clarifying research priorities. Design: Prospective mapping review, identifying and mapping ongoing research (2019-2023) across the value chain. Setting: UK. Participants/sample: Academic research studies in three databases. Results: Fifty ongoing research projects were identified, revealing a focus on the two ends of the value chain: production (twenty-one projects) and consumption (twenty-one projects). Only four projects encompassed the entire value chain from producer to consumer. Research on production includes the role of legumes in crop rotations for soil health and reduced fertiliser use, productivity interventions and improved breeds. Research on consumption includes dietary and health outcomes, predominantly cardiometabolic impacts, and legumes as an alternative protein source. Few projects focused on the middle of the value chain (four projects on product development) with none focused on processing, food service or retail. Conclusions: Further interdisciplinary projects, linking producers to consumers and with a greater focus on middle-chain actors, are needed. The food processing/manufacturing, food service and retail sectors hold significant power in food systems practice and governance. They play a crucial role in transitioning to a healthier and more sustainable food system. Understanding the drivers and barriers for these food systems actors in increasing production and consumption of beans, peas and pulses is required to inform future food policy and practice.