Designing of cost minimum substation grounding grid system using DE, SCA, and HDESCA techniques

Abstract

This study presents three optimisation techniques to obtain optimum design of grounding grid with equal and unequal spacing between grid conductors. Different algorithms such as differential evolution (DE), sine-cosine algorithm (SCA) and hybrid DE SCA (HDESCA) are used in the design, and its efficacy are analysed. Aim of the present work is not only to limit the value of safety parameters, also to achieve the optimum grounding system by reducing total cost involved in designing of the grid. Here, necessary safety and security conditions as mentioned in ANSI/IEEE Standard 80-2000 is adopted to design the grounding grid. The cost function used here includes grid depth, dimension of grounding rod, conductor, number of rods and conductors, revetment and excavation area. The economic grounding grid system has been obtained to reduce the total cost related with grid materials, installation, and excavation. The effectiveness of proposed method and its results are theoretically examined with recently reported techniques that ascertain the validity and efficiency. Parameters obtained by DE, SCA, and HDESCA are compared to design the equal and unequal spaced grounding grid. The design based on HDESCA technique gives less cost and minimum safety parameters than those obtained by DE and SCA.