A well-trained artificial neural network for predicting the rheological behavior of MWCNT–Al2O3 (30–70%)/oil SAE40 hybrid nanofluid

Abstract

In this study, the influence of different volume fractions (ϕ) of nanoparticles and temperatures on the dynamic viscosity (μnf) of MWCNT–Al2O3 (30–70%)/oil SAE40 hybrid nanofluid was examined by ANN. For this reason, the μnf was derived for 203 various experiments through a series of experimental tests, including a combination of 7 different ϕ, 6 various temperatures, and 5 shear rates. These data were then used to train an artificial neural network (ANN) to generalize results in the predefined ranges for two input parameters. For this reason, a feed-forward perceptron ANN with two inputs (T and ϕ) and one output (μnf) was used. The best topology of the ANN was determined by trial and error, and a two-layer with 10 neurons in the hidden layer with the tansig function had the best performance. A well-trained ANN is created using the trainbr algorithm and showed an MSE value of 4.3e−3 along 0.999 as a correlation coefficient for predicting μnf. The results show that an increase ϕ has a significant effect on μnf value. As ϕ increases, the viscosity of this nanofluid increases at all temperatures. On the other hand, with increasing temperature, the viscosity of this nanofluid decreases. Based on all of the diagrams presented for the trained ANNs, we can conclude that a well-trained ANN can be used as an approximating function for predicting the μnf.