Case series: star anise toxicity presenting to the emergency department in Eastern Regional Referral Hospital in Bhutan

Abstract

Background: Star anise fruit has been used in spice in Asian cuisine, ingredient for traditional medicines, component for antiviral drugs and as parts of tea and beverage across the globe. Toxicity from these plants has been reported due to adulteration with similar toxic species and from consumption with high toxic dose. Most physician and public are unaware of these adverse effects. Cases: We present two cases of star anise toxicity. Both of the patients presented with gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms after consumption of the said fruit. All of the labs and imaging test was negative for other causes and star anise toxicity diagnosis was made after detailed history, events and related symptoms. They were managed supportively and discharged after 24 h of observation. Conclusion: Emergency department doctors should be vigilant about possible star anise toxicity in patient presenting with suggestive symptoms, negative investigation for other possible cause and in area where these plant species is available. A detailed drug and ingestion history is essential.