Emission inventory of HC and CO of heavy construction equipment by using nonroad engine modelling for toll road project in Indonesia

Abstract

Indonesia's infrastructure project, particularly toll road projects provide mobilization services to hundreds of millions of workers, including infrastructure supporting functions such as road utility services, road maintenance, and road landscaping. To successfully bring these functions, the infrastructure authorities have to uphold an armada of heavy duty diesel (HDD) equipment including excavators, bulldozers, motor graders, pavers, and compactors. This HDD equipment consumes diesel fuel and therefore releases large quantities of pollutants, including hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO). In order to manage this emission effectively, an emissions inventory should be made first. The purpose of this study is to propose an inventory technique of emissions from the equipment fleet for toll road project in Indonesia from a by developing HC and CO emissions inventory which can be used as a management backing tool to minimize the environmental impact of the project. The sample case for this proposed technique is Rembang-Pasuruan Toll Road Project Section II in East Java, Indonesia, which utilizes 9 excavators, 2 bulldozers, 2 compactors, 1 motor grader, and 1 paver. By using emission factors from nonroad engine modeling developed by Environment Protection Agency (EPA), it is obtained that the average emission of HC is approximately 29.13 gr/hr or 233.05 gr/day, and the average emission of CO is about 124.94 gr/hr or equals to 999.52 gr/day.