Digital Learning Transformation in Indonesian Elementary Schools: Development Trends, Implementation Challenges, and Future Opportunities (SLR 2021-2025)

Abstract

Examining digital literacy-based learning trends, obstacles, and possibilities in Indonesian primary schools is the goal of this study. To choose pertinent literature, the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach was employed, adhering to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) protocol criteria. The publications examined, which were published between 2021 and 2025, concentrated on the use of technology and teacher pedagogy in creating digital learning for primary school pupils. The literature search was carried out using published or expired papers having rankings 1 and 2 in the Scopus and Sinta indexes. Twenty-seven final data sets meet the inclusion criteria. The articles discussed the use of digital media such as digital storybooks, Wordwall, Canva, Quizizz, comics, and digital modules, as well as digital application development. The article discussed how pedagogical skills can improve the design of more effective digital learning. The synthesis of findings showed that teachers' pedagogical skills, supporting infrastructure, and the use of visual, interactive, and flexible digital media can improve student motivation and learning outcomes. The success of implementing digital literacy-based learning is greatly influenced by teacher readiness, digital literacy, and infrastructure support. Therefore, this research implies the need for a contextual, sustainable approach supported by adaptive education policies to effectively integrate digital literacy into elementary school learning.