Plecanatide Improves Abdominal Bloating and Bowel Symptoms of Irritable Bowel Syndrome with Constipation

Abstract

Background: Bloating is a bothersome symptom in irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C). Aim: To evaluate plecanatide efficacy in patients with IBS-C stratified by bloating intensity. Methods: Pooled phase 3 data (2 randomized, controlled IBS-C trials) from adults treated with plecanatide 3 mg or placebo for 12 weeks were analyzed. Patients were stratified post-hoc by baseline bloating severity (11-point scale: mild [≤ 5] and moderate-to-severe [> 5]). Assessments included change from baseline in bloating, abdominal pain, and complete spontaneous bowel movement (CSBM) frequency. Abdominal pain and bloating composite responders were defined as patients with ≥ 30% improvement from baseline in both bloating and abdominal pain at Week 12. Results: At baseline, 1104/1436 patients with IBS-C (76.9%) reported moderate-to-severe bloating. In the moderate-to-severe bloating subgroup, plecanatide significantly reduced bloating severity versus placebo (least-squares mean change [LSMC]: − 1.7 vs − 1.3; P = 0.002), reduced abdominal pain (− 1.7 vs − 1.3; P = 0.006), and increased CSBM frequency (1.4 vs 0.8; P < 0.0001). In the mild bloating subgroup, significant improvements were observed with plecanatide versus placebo for abdominal pain (LSMC: − 1.3 vs − 1.0; P = 0.046) and CSBM frequency (2.0 vs 1.2; P = 0.003) but not bloating (− 0.9 vs − 0.8; P = 0.28). A significantly greater percentage of patients were abdominal pain and bloating composite responders with plecanatide versus placebo (moderate-to-severe bloating: 33.6% vs 26.8% [P = 0.02]; mild bloating: 38.4% vs 27.2% [P = 0.03]). Conclusion: Plecanatide treatment improved IBS-C abdominal and bowel symptoms, including in those who present with moderate-to-severe bloating. Graphical Abstract: (Figure presented.)