Lung ultrasound score and in-hospital mortality of adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome: a meta-analysis

Abstract

Background Lung ultrasound (LUS) score could quantitatively reflect the lung aeration, which has been well applied in critically ill patients. The aim of the systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between LUS score at admission and the risk of in-hospital mortality of adults with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods Toachieve the objective of this meta-analysis, we conducted a thorough search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science to identify relevant observational studies with longitudinal follow-up. We employed random-effects models to combine the outcomes, considering the potential influence of heterogeneity. Results Thirteen cohort studies with 1,022 hospitalized patients with ARDS were included. Among them, 343 patients (33.6%) died during hospitalization. The pooled results suggested that the LUS score at admission was higher in non-survivors as compared to survivors (standardized mean difference = 0.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.55 to 0.91, p < 0.001; I2 = 25%). Moreover, a high LUS score at admission was associated with a higher risk of in-hospital mortality of patients with ARDS (risk ratio: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.14 to 1.81, p = 0.002; I2 = 46%). Subgroup analyses showed consistent results in studies with LUS score analyzed with 12 or 16 lung regions, and in studies reporting mortality during ICU or within 1-month hospitalization. Conclusion Our findings suggest that a high LUS score at admission may be associated with a high risk of in-hospital mortality of patients with ARDS.