The Empowerment of Critical and Creative Thinking (CCT) Skills through Inquiry Social Complexity (ISC)-based Student Worksheets

Abstract

It is widely accepted that in the twenty-first century, educational processes place a greater emphasis on students' cognitive understanding than on rote learning. Thus, twenty-first-century students must possess fundamental skills, one of which is the capacity for critical and creative thinking. However, empirical evidence suggests that they lack so-called critical and creative thinking (CCT) skills. As a result, educators must concentrate their efforts on preparing students for future success. Thus, the purpose of this study was to find out the effect of an inquiry social complexity (ISC)-based student worksheet that would empower students' critical and creative thinking (CCT) skills to the point where they would be expected to participate actively in learning activities and achieve the best results. This study employed a one-group pretest-posttest design with numerical data (quantitative). The results indicated that the average of pre-test, post-test, and n-gain was 0.77 ± 0.06 (High), indicating that the implementation of the ISC-based student worksheet had a positive and significant effect on students' CCT skills, as demonstrated by the Sig. value (2-tailed) of 0.000, which was < 0.005.