Poor Sleep Quality and Associated Factors among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Vietnam

Abstract

Background/Purpose: Poor sleep quality increases with age, contributing to many problems such as falling, poor social functioning, and low quality of life. Our study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and associated factors of poor sleep quality among older Vietnamese adults. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we conducted face-to-face interviews among community-dwelling older people living in District Eight in Ho Chi Minh City. We used the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess sleep quality. A total score ≥ 5 indicated poor sleep quality. Fried’s criteria were used to identify frailty, and comorbid diseases were based on medical records. Results: The data of 592 participants were collected (mean age 71.2±7.7, 67.4% female). The prevalence of poor sleep quality was 55.9%, with a mean PSQI score of 7.26±4.51. Factors independently associated with poor sleep quality including age (odds ratio [OR]=1.03, 95% confidence interval [CI]= 1.01–1.06, p=0.047), low educational attainment (OR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.33– 2.93, p=0.001), pain (OR=2.78, 95% CI: 1.81–4.28, p <0.001), osteoarthritis (OR=1.61, 95% CI: 1.03– 2.54, p=0.035) and frailty (OR=1.77, 95% CI: 1.09– 2.86, p <0.019). Conclusion: Poor sleep quality is highly common among community-dwelling older adults in Vietnam and relates to age, low educational attainment, frailty, pain, and osteoarthritis. Thus, evaluating and managing pain, osteoarthritis, and frailty is needed for sleep quality management in older adults with poor sleep quality.