Graphene Oxide Nanoparticle Blended Tamanu Methyl Ester as a Promising Alternative Fuel for Unmodified Compression Ignition Engine

Abstract

This study evaluates the performance and emission characteristics of Tamanu Methyl Ester (TME) biodiesel blended with Graphene Oxide (GO) nano additives at concentrations of 25, 50, and 75 ppm. Engine tests were conducted on a standard compression ignition engine under varying load conditions. Results indicate that the TME20 blend with 50 ppm GO (TME20+GO50) demonstrated optimal performance, achieving a 4.8% improvement in brake thermal efficiency and a 12.6% reduction in smoke opacity compared to diesel. The inclusion of GO enhanced combustion efficiency through improved heat transfer and catalytic activity, resulting in reduced CO and HC emissions. Notably, NOx emissions decreased by 10.19%, attributed to GO's oxygen vacancies and its role in moderating peak combustion temperatures. This study identifies TME20+GO50 as a viable and sustainable alternative to conventional diesel, offering enhanced engine performance and cleaner emissions. Future research should focus on the long-term operational effects of GO nano additives to further optimize their potential.