Topological quantum materials: kagome, chiral, and square-net frameworks

Abstract

Topological quantum materials have emerged as a frontier in condensed matter physics, with electronic states governed by symmetry and lattice geometry. Among the various lattices, kagome, chiral, and square-net lattices represent distinct structural motifs where topology is intrinsically encoded. These systems exhibit diverse quantum phenomena. This review highlights the roles of lattice geometry, symmetry, spin–orbit coupling, single crystal synthesis strategies, current challenges and future directions of such topological materials.