Physical properties of nanomaterials

Abstract

Nanomaterials and Nanotechnologies attract tremendous attention in recent researches. New physical properties and new technologies both in sample preparation and device fabrication evoke on account of the development of nano- science. Various research fields including physics, chemists, material scientists, and engineers of mechanical and elec- trical are involved in this research. In this review various methods of preparing nanomaterials including insulators, semiconductors, and metals are discussed. We express the exotic physical properties concerning the linear and nonlin- ear optical spectra, temperature dependence of resistivities, spin resonance spectra, and magnetic susceptibility mea- surements. Anumber of fascinating and provocative results have been developed that lead our perspective understand- ing of quantum tunneling, quantum phase transition, surface effect, quantum size-effect confinement and nonlinear sus- ceptibility enhancements.