Management of gestational diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder that occurs during pregnancy. GDM can cause significant problems, including maternal complications, perinatal complications, and metabolic disorders in offspring of mothers with GDM. The primary management method for women with GDM is nutritional therapy. Some women with GDM require diet therapy alone, while some women require both diet therapy and insulin therapy. Currently, there is no universal management method for GDM because there are no universal diagnostic criteria and genomic backgrounds differ according to ethnicity. However, consensus guidelines exist. This paper reviews these consensus guidelines for the optimal management of carbohydrate intolerant women in pregnancy.