Prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorder in Undergraduate Dental Students: A Questionnaire-Based Study

Abstract

Background: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a group of abnormalities in the temporomandibular joint area. TMD is a multifactorial condition since multiple physiological and pathological conditions are cited as etiological factors. Its clinical features include pain, clicking, deviation, and limitation in joint movement, and it may be associated with headache, neck ache, and disturbed quality of life. The type of treatment depends on the cause and severity of each case. Epidemiological studies and screening for the prevalence and clinical manifestations of TMD in the community could improve preventive measures and treatment outcomes. Aim: To evaluate the distribution of TMD among undergraduate dental students. Method: This study was a cross-sectional study conducted from March to June 2020. Questionnaires were sent to undergraduate students via email. The responses to questions were given numerical values to estimate the severity of TMD, and its presence and severity was determined based on self-reported responses. Results: Two-thirds of respondents showed TMD of different severity. The TMD severity among respondents was as follows: 28.2% no TMD, 41.6% mild TMD, 24.1% moderate TMD, 6.2% severe TMD. Age and study grade were significantly associated with the severity of TMD. Conclusion: Despite the limitations of this study, a considerable number of students expressed signs and symptoms of TMD, although they were unaware of this condition.