Theory of the Leptonic Monopole

Abstract

This review firstly sets out to prove that the free Dirac equation (without external field) admits a second gauge pseudoscalar invariance corresponding to a light magnetic monopole, the leptonic monopole, interacting with pseudo-electromagnetic potentials. The wave equation of this monopole is then discussed and new physical properties are deduced. This monopole is a spin 1/2 massless particle traveling with the velocity of light. The main property is that the monopole is actually a pair of two chiral particles - left and right - with positive and negative magnetic charges. A fundamental property is that these two monopoles carry weak interactions with the intensity of the neutrino. They are hence able to take part in nuclear interactions with low or high energies but with the additional feature of an orientation arising from the action of their magnetic charge. Just as Louis de Broglie found the Einstein photon as a result of the fusion of two Dirac particles, a magnetic photon is found by the fusion of two precursor particles. These interact via magnetic photons just as electrons interact through the Einstein photon. In analogy with de Broglie's theory of spin particles, the fusion of four leptonic magnetic monopoles gives a particle with a maximum spin 2. Unlike other theories, which consider only the particle of spin 2 itself, there are now three kinds of particles: spin 2, the quantum approximation of a graviton; two spin 1 ordinary photons, including a spin 1 magnetic photon; spin 0 photon, one of which is parallel to the spin 0 case in the de Broglie theory, corresponding to the one that is proved to be responsable for the Aharonov-Bohm effect. An important prediction of the theory is the ability of the monopole to catalyse nuclear fusion. The whole chapter defines a new electromagnetism no longer based on one unique photon but on four photons: electric, magnetic, with spin 1, spin 0.