Photon mediated transport of energy, linear momentum, and angular momentum in fullerene and graphene systems beyond local equilibrium

Abstract

Based on a tight-binding model for the electron system, we investigate the transfer of energy, momentum, and angular momentum mediated by electromagnetic fields among buckminsterfullerene (C60) and graphene nanostrips. Our nonequilibrium Green's function approach enables calculations away from local thermal equilibrium where the fluctuation-dissipation theorem breaks down. For example, the forces between C60 and current-carrying nanostrips are predicted. It is found that the presence of current enhances the van der Waals attractive forces. For two current-carrying graphene strips rotated at some angle, the fluctuational force and torque are much stronger at the nanoscale compared to that of the static Biot-Savart law.