Impact of water stress on radiation interception and radiation use efficiency of Soybeans (Glycine max L. Merr.) in Nigeria

Abstract

Soybean is the world’s major oilseed crop. Field experiments were conducted for 2 years on soybeans in order to study the effects of deficit irrigation (DI) during reproductive stages on radiation interception, radiation use efficiency (RUE), seed yields, harvest index (HI) and crop water productivity (WP). The water regimes were full irrigation (FI), DI every other week during flowering, pod initiation, seed filling and commencement of maturity. Average seasonal extinction coefficient (λ) ranged from 0.45 for DI during commencement of maturity to 0.47 for the other deficit methods. Pooled over the seasons and across water regimes, the fraction of incident photosynthetically active radiation was strongly correlated with the leaf area index (LAI). The aerial dry matter was strongly correlated with daily photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) for all water regimes. Across the water regimes, average seasonal RUE ranged from 1.07 g MJ−1 incident photosynthetically active radiation (IPAR) for FI to 1.19 g MJ−1 IPAR for DI during pod initiation. Reduction in the seasonal RUE ranged from 3.8 to 19.7 % for DI, while for the yield it ranged from 15.6 to 45.8 %. Seed yield was positively and significantly correlated (p < 0.0001) with RUE, cumulative intercepted PAR and HI across water regimes. WP is positively related with seed yield (r2 = 0.98; p < 0.0001), total intercepted PAR (r2 = 0.99; p < 0.0001) and RUE (r2 = 0.54; p = 0.02). DI reduced LAI, cumulative incident photosynthetically active radiation (TIPAR) and seed yield. DI during pod initiation and seed filling reduced substantially the seasonal RUE and seed yield than other reproductive stages. In conclusion water stress did not have significant impacts on λ and RUE during every reproductive stage for soybeans (TGX 1448 2E).