Analysis of soft tissue thickness in persons with malocclusions of class II division 1 and class II division 2

Abstract

Introduction. Different malocclusions indicate different thickness of facial soft tissue. Objective. The aim of the study was to establish the differences in the thickness of facial soft tissue profile in persons with dentoskeletal Class II/1 and II/2 relationship. Methods. In the study we used cephalometric rendgenograms profile analysis of 60 patients aged 12-18 years of the Dental Clinic in Nis who had not previously undergone orthodontical treatment. According to the dentoskeletal jaws relations the patients were divided into two groups with Class II division 1 and Class II class division 2. In all of them the standard dentoskeletal profile analysis by Steiner and soft tissue profile analysis by Burston was done. The obtained findings were statistically analyzed and the comparison between the studied groups was performed. Results. The results indicated the following: in the patients with Class II/1 relationship there was a significantly thinner upper lip (t=5.741; p<0.0001), thinner upper lip sulcus (t=3.858; p<0.001) and significantly thinner lower lip (t=2.009; p<0.05) in relation to the patients with Class II/2. Compensatory effect in the Class II/1 patients was more distinctive in females, as their soft tissue profiles were thicker. In Class II/2 patients this relationship was in favor of males. Conclusion. The facial soft tissue profile indicated significant differences in the thickness dependant on the type of malocclusion and gender. Because of their great variability and a significant participation in the formation of the profile, while planning orthodontic therapy, it is necessary to pay them full attention, with obligatory analysis of the dentoskeletal profile.Uvod. Razlicite malokluzije uslovljavaju razlicite debljine mekih tkiva lica. Cilj rada. Cilj rada bio je da se utvrdi razlika u debljini mekih tkiva profila lica kod osoba sa dentoskeletnim odnosom klasa II/1 i II/2. Metode rada. U radu su koriscene analize profilnih rendgenkefalometrijskih snimaka 60 pacijenata Klinike za stomatologiju u Nisu uzrasta od 12 do 18 godina koji nisu prethodno ortodontski leceni. Ispitanici su, prema dentoskeletnom odnosu vilica, svrstani u dve grupe: sa drugom klasom prvog odeljenja (II/1) i drugom klasom drugog odeljenja (II/2). Svima su uradjene standardna analiza dentoskeletnog profila po metodi Stajnera (Steiner) i analiza mekotkivnog profila po metodi Burstona (Burstone). Dobijeni podaci su statisticki obradjeni, a zatim su dve ispitivane grupe uporedjene. Rezultati. Kod ispitanika s odnosom klase II/1 ustanovljeni su visoko znacajno tanja gornja usna (t=5,741; p<0,0001), manja debljina sulkusa gornje usne (t=3,858; p<0,001) i znacajno tanja donja usna (t=2,009; p<0,05) u odnosu na ispitanike sa klasom II/2. Kompenzatorni efekat kod ispitanika sa klasom II/1 bio je izrazeniji kod zenskog pola, s obzirom na to da su njihova meka tkiva profila deblja. U grupi ispitanika sa klasom II/2 ovaj odnos je bio u korist muskog pola. Zakljucak. Meka tkiva profila lica pokazuju znacajne razlike u debljini u zavisnosti od tipa malokluzije i pola. Zbog njihove velike raznolikosti i znacajnog ucesca u formiranju izgleda profila, neophodno je pri planiranju ortodontske terapije posvetiti im punu paznju, uz obaveznu analizu dentoskeletnog profila.