Mechanisms

Abstract

Uveitic glaucoma is a complex process arising from a combination of several biochemical and cellular mechanisms inherent in the inflammatory process. Ocular hypertension as a complication of intraocular inflammation is regrettably a frequent manifestation, generally seen in anterior uveitis and less commonly in posterior uveitis, leading to uveitic glaucoma. Uveitic glaucoma is essentially a result of progressive mechanical obstruction to intraocular fluid circulation and outflow pathways [1]. Mechanisms behind development of uveitic glaucoma can broadly be separated into two main categories: 1) elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) as a result of intraocular inflammation itself, including cellular and biochemical changes in aqueous composition, and 2) structural changes caused by the inflammation [2]. Another common cause of raised IOP in uveitic eyes is corticosteroid therapy [3-7]. Overall, control of the inflammation is critical for a favorable long-term visual outcome [8].