Updating on dental implant osseointegration and survival rate in osteoporotic bone

Abstract

Background: Systemic diseases may impact osseointegration of dental implants. Osteoporosis has become one of the concerning diseases since its prevalence reached 18.3% in the world and 10.3% in Indonesia. It is characterized by the decrease in bone thickness, alteration of trabecular structures, and increase in ratio of carbonate and phosphate, making the bone more fragile and prone to fracture. Consequently, the issue of bone quantity and quality will have a great impact on dental implant survival rate.Objectives: To know the effect of osteoporosis on survival rate and osseointegration of dental implants.Conclusion: Dentists should be more cautious if patients receiving dental implant treatment have a bone mineral density (BMD) score of -2.5 <  T-Score < -1 and an estrogen deficiency, because both are directly related to osteoporosis. Consumption of bisphosphonates should also be asked because it could cause osteonecrosis of the jaw. Most studies show no significant differences between survival rate of implants placed on osteoporotic patients and healthy patients after a short time period (0-1 year). However, most studies show significant differences after a long time period (5-7 years) so evaluation of implants is recommended.