Social Policy in the Global Transformation Flow: State Responsibility for Social Welfare

Abstract

This article is a critical review of the development of social policy concepts and practices in promoting welfare, especially in Indonesia. Globalization has shifted the state's critical role in managing social, economic and political life, which then also has an impact on social policy making as an instrument of national development. In its development, social policy making is no longer the sole authority of the national government, on the contrary it is more determined by international institutions, such as the UN, World Bank, IMF, and meanwhile, developing countries are forced adopt provisions set by them. Keywords: Social policy, welfare, social transformation, globalization www.ijird.com February, 2020 Vol 9 Issue 2 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT DOI No. : 10.24940/ijird/2020/v9/i2/FEB20026 Page 114 September 2018. Although poverty in total fell, poverty disparity between urban and rural areas was still high. The percentage of poverty in the city in September 2019 was recorded 6.56 percent, while the percentage of poverty in rural areas reached 12.60 percent. The facts show that until the beginning of the 21st century today, poverty is still a burden on the world. Poverty is one of the wounds of humanity in the world that never heals. Especially for Indonesia, poverty is still a serious problem. Although statistically the number of poor people in Indonesia shows a declining trend, but in absolute terms the number of poor people in Indonesia is still very large. This situation explains that economic development in the world has been distorted (Midgley, 1995). Responding to this condition, the United Nations (UN) in September 2015 launched the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a global agenda to continue the efforts and achievements of the previous agenda, the MDGs which have changed the face of the world for 15 years for the better. SDGs are new development agreements that drive changes towards sustainable development based on human rights and equality to encourage social, economic and environmental development. SDGs are enforced with universal, integrated and inclusive principles to ensure that no one will be left behind or "No-one Left Behind". (Ministry of NDP/National Development Planning Agency, 2018). This fact is a challenge and problem for the State of Indonesia, which normatively constitutionally stated in the Preamble of the 1945 Constitution the third paragraph that ".... to form an Indonesian government …