APLIKASI PENGELOLAAN HAMA TERPADU KUMBANG TANDUK (ORYCTES RHINOCEROS L.) PADA KELAPA SAWIT DI NAGARI GIRI MAJU KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT

  • Efendi S
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Abstract

Kelapa sawit yang dibudidayakan pada areal replanting tidak tumbuh optimal karena sebagian besar diserang kumbang tanduk (Oryctes rhinoceros L.). Persentase serangan kumbang tanduk tergolong tinggi yakni 80% pada tanaman umur 3 tahun dan 100% pada umur 1-1.5 tahun. Diketahui limbah sisa replanting menjadi penyebab tingginya populasi kumbang tanduk karena batang kelapa sawit yang membusuk menjadi habitat yang cocok untuk perkembangan kumbang tanduk. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang dihadapi mitra diaplikasikan Pengelolaan Hama Terpadu (PHT). Komponen PHT yang akan diaplikasikan yakni kultur teknis, mekanis, serta pengendalian semiokimia dengan feromon. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengurangi tingkat kerusakan hama kumbang tanduk pada tanaman kelapa sawit pasca replanting. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan metode penyuluhan, pelatihan, demplot (percontohan), pemberian bantuan alat dan mesin, serta monitoring dan evaluasi. Hasil kegiatan diperoleh bahwa mitra mampu penerapan pengelolaan hama terpadu (PHT) secara mandiri di lahan masing-masing. Rakitan teknologi PHT yang sudah diaplikasikan dapat menurunkan tingkat serangan kumbang tanduk dari 86.68% menjadi 79.60%. Sampai saat ini perangkat PHT masih terpasang dan dioperasikan kelompok tani mitra. Aplikasi PHT di lokasi demplot secara nyata dapat menurunkan populasi kumbang tanduk, begitu juga tidak terlihat lagi gejala baru tanaman yang terserang.Aplikasi PHT yang berkelanjutan, meliputi lahan dengan skala luas, melibatkan semua pelaku usaha kelapa sawit akan meningkatkan peluang keberhasilan metode tersebut di masa yang akan datang. Oil palm cultivated in the replanting area did not grow optimally because most were attacked by horn beetles (Oryctes rhinoceros L.). The percentage of horn beetle attacks was high, namely 80% in 3 year old plants and 100% at 1-1.5 years old. It is known that residual replanting waste is the cause of the high horn beetle population because rotting oil palm trunks become a suitable habitat for horn beetle development. To overcome the problems faced by partners, Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is applied. IPM components that will be applied are technical culture, mechanics, and semiochemical control with pheromones. This activity aims to reduce the level of damage to the horn beetle pest on oil palm plants after replanting. This activity is carried out using counseling methods, training, demonstration plots (pilots), providing assistance with tools and machines, as well as monitoring and evaluation. The results of the activity showed that the partners were able to independently implement integrated pest management (IPM) on their respective lands. Assembled IPM technology that has been applied can reduce the attack rate of horn beetles from 86.68% to 79.60%. Until now, IPM equipment is still installed and operated by partner farmer groups. The application of IPM at the demonstration plot locations can significantly reduce the horn beetle population, as well as no more visible symptoms of new plants being attacked. The sustainable application of IPM, covering large-scale land, involving all oil palm business actors will increase the chances of success of the method in the future. will come.

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APA

Efendi, S. (2022). APLIKASI PENGELOLAAN HAMA TERPADU KUMBANG TANDUK (ORYCTES RHINOCEROS L.) PADA KELAPA SAWIT DI NAGARI GIRI MAJU KABUPATEN PASAMAN BARAT. Jurnal Hilirisasi IPTEKS, 4(3), 149–159. https://doi.org/10.25077/jhi.v4i3.498

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