Analysis of the reclamation measures efficiency within watershed and their impact on the water bodies

Abstract

The results of the detailed analysis of reclamation measures to improve the quality of water and land resources in the territory of the Sheshma River basin in Tatarstan are given in the paper. The classification of factors affecting the pollution of diffusive runoff coming from agricultural land, as well as measures to reduce water pollution and classification of methods to prevent water pollution of runoff coming from the reclaimed land and rural areas are developed. All methods on water and land quality improvement in the catchment area of the river are divided into 5 groups according to main issues and localization. The efficiency of the above groups of reclamation measures are determined on the base of water management balances including maximum pollution coefficients estimation. The analysis was carried out and the factors influencing the efficiency of the recommended measures on water and land detoxification were recommended. The factors that have the greatest impact on the efficiency of the recommended measures are: the degree of erosion of land resources in the catchment area, reclamation modes, the availability of drainage, the quality of irrigation and drainage waters. Some recommended ranges the recommended measures application are given takin into account hydrogen indicator, texture on soil, drainage flow salinity, contamination of surface runoff from agricultural lands with heavy metals, pesticides, etc..