Peran Komunitas Moluska dalam Mendukung Fungsi Kawasan Mangrove di Tanjung Lesung, Pandeglang, Banten

Abstract

ABSTRAK Kemampuan ekosistem mangrove untuk memberikan jasa lingkungan tidak terlepas dari peran berbagai fauna akuatik termasuk moluska. Penelitian di hutan mangrove Tanjung Lesung bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran komunitas moluska dalam mendukung fungsi hutan mangrove melalui penghitungan data-data penyusun struktur komunitas moluska, serta memberikan gambaran awal mengenai peluang moluska sebagai agen penyimpan karbon. Pengambilan sampel moluska dilakukan pada enam stasiun yang berbeda dengan metode petak contoh. Struktur komunitas moluska diketahui dengan menghitung nilai frekuensi, kepadatan, keanekaragaman, kemerataan, serta dominansi. Kandungan karbon pada cangkang diukur dengan menggunakan alat C-N analyzer. Komunitas moluska di hutan mangrove Tanjung Lesung terdiri dari delapan spesies. Tiga spesies dengan nilai kepadatan (K i) dan Indek Nilai Penting (INP) tertinggi adalah Cerithidea cingulata (K i =187 ind/m2; INP=76,71%), Clithon squarrosus (K i =99 ind/m2; INP=39,95%) dan Terebralia palustris (K i =42 ind/m2; INP=24,75%). Spesies T. palustris dan Telescopium telescopium merupakan moluska asli hutan mangrove sehingga kedua spesies tersebut memegang peran penting terutama sebagai pengurai serasah. Kandungan karbon dalam cangkang T. palustris dan T. Telescopium terukur berturut-turut sebesar 10,92 ± 2,33 dan 10,32 ± 0,63% berat kering. Namun, potensi kedua spesies moluska sebagai penyimpanan karbon masih membutuhkan evaluasi dan penelitian lebih lanjut. Kata kunci : Ekosistem mangrove, komunitas moluska, struktur komunitas, kandungan karbon, pengurai serasah. ABSTRACT The fitness of mangrove ecosystem to provide environmental services is supported by a wide variety of aquatic animals including molluscs. The present studies were done on the assemblage of the structure community data of molluscan fauna located at Tanjung Lesung mangrove forest as well as to provide a preliminary study of molluscs as potential carbon bio-sequstration. Research was conducted in six different stations with the random sampling method. The structure of the mollusc community can be determine with calculating the value of frequency, density, diversity, evenness, and dominance. Carbon content in the shell was measured using a C-N analyzer. There were eight distinct species of molluscs that could be identify from Tanjung Lesung mangrove forest. The three species with the highest density (Ki) and Importance Value Index (IVI) were Cerithidea cingulata (Ki = 187 ind / m2; IVI = 76.71%), Clithon squarrosus (Ki = 99 ind / m2; IVI = 39.95%) and Terebralia palustris (Ki = 42 ind / m2; IVI = 24.75%). Terebralia palustris and Telescopium telescopium were native species which play an important role, especially as litter decomposers. Carbon content in T. palustris and T. Telescopium shells measured respectively 10.92 ± 2.33 and 10.32 ± 0.63% dry weight. However, the potential of those molluscs species as carbon bio-sequstration still requires further research and evaluation.