Metabolic Syndrome Among People Living With HIV on Dolutegravir and Efavirenz-Based Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the burden of metabolic syndrome among people living with HIV (PLWH) on dolutegravir (DTG)- and efavirenz (EFV)-based regimens. Methods: A hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study design was implemented from May 5, 2022, to August 5, 2022. Results: The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 18.6% (32/172) for all regimens, with 25.6% (22/86) for the DTG- and 11.6% (10/86) for the EFV-based regimens (P =.019). Body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2 (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.04; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.13-8.14), CD4 count ≥ 500 cells/mm3 (AOR = 3.01; 95% CI: 1.09-8.28), insufficient physical activity (AOR = 2.60; 95% CI: 1.00-6.72), and DTG-based regimen (AOR =.86; 95% CI: 1.14-7.20) were associated with metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was significantly higher among PLWH on DTG-based regimens. This signifies that DTG-treated patients should be advised on lifestyle adjustments to prevent the development of metabolic syndrome.