Immunological evaluation of formulated drugs against typhoid

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Typhoid fever an important causes of illness and death, particularly among children and adolescents in south-central and Southeast Asia, where enteric fever is associated with poor sanitation and unsafe food and water. Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) plays an important role for the survival of the host in experimental salmonellosis. Nitric oxide (NO) is the one of the product of macrophages activated by cytokines, microbial compounds or both, is derived from the amino acid L-arginine by the enzymatic activity of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS or NOS2) which acts as antimicrobial molecule. Aim: The Aim was to examine the induction of DTH reaction in the animals treated with L-Arginine, ciprofloxacin and their combination followed by immunization with S. typhimurium cell lysate as assessed by the footpad swelling test. Results: The Results of the present study showed that the induction of DTH reaction in the animals treated with L-Arginine, ciprofloxacin and their combination followed by immunization with S. typhimurium cell lysate using an antigen revealed that the treatment with combination increased foot pad swelling significantly as compared to saline treated control animals at 48 hour which was followed by a decrease of the swelling at 72 hour. ConclusionS: Animal treated with L-arginine, ciprofloxacin and their combination showed increased cell mediated immune responses as evident by DTH response whereas groups (B+S) shows decreases CMI responses.