Aspects of demodecosis in veterinary and human medicine

Abstract

Mites from the genus Demodex are ectoparasites of many mammals, including humans. There are over 100 Demodex species, which demonstrate strong specificity in host selection (Tab. 1). The mites are common in humans. It has been estimated that up to 60% of adults may be infected, but in most cases no symptoms of the disease are present. Demodex multiplication inside sebaceous glands and hair follicles can lead to skin disease in both humans and animals. In humans, the main problem is ocular demodecosis, which can cause chronic conjunctivitis and blepharitis. In this paper, we present the biology and epidemiology of Demodex species in humans as well as in domestic and farm animals. Characteristic lesions, diagnostics and treatment of demodecosis are also described.