Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: Management and Role of APRN

Abstract

Substance abuse is on the rise in the United States, and opioids have been the drug of choice. When pregnant women abuse opioids, the newborns can experience a set of symptoms known as neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Screenings should be implemented with every prenatal visit to assist with a treatment program or support prior to birth. When screenings fail to assist, biological testing should be obtained to forecast withdrawal. Symptoms need to be assessed with a clinical diagnostic tool such as “Eat, Sleep, Console” and treated with non-pharmacological interventions first, and then pharmacological if unresolved. The advanced practice nurse is a key factor in coordinating this care and advancing public health policies.