Assessment of total phenolic, flavonoid, tannin content and phytochemical screening of leaf and flower extracts from Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Backer ex K.Heyne: A comparative study

Abstract

Introduction: Total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin content of leaf and flower extract of Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Backer ex K.Heyne was compared. Objective: To explore total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin content of both leaf and flower extracts of Peltophorum pterocarpum(DC) K Heyne. Method: Initially, collected fresh leaves and flower samples were shade dried and extracted with various solvents such as aqueous methanol (1:1), ethyl acetate, ethanol and aqueous. Qualitative analysis was performed for various phytochemical. Thenthe total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and total tannin content was estimated. Results: In preliminary phyto-chemical examination of various solvent extracts of both leaf and flowers of P. pterocarpum revealed that the presence of various phytochemicals such as phlobatannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannin, reducing sugars, phenols and steroids. In phtyochemical evaluation, when compare with all other solvents, Ethanolic extracts shows maximum extractive value. In case of ethyl acetate, it shows very low extractive value in all three phyto-chemicals. In phytochemical evaluation studies, total phenolic content of leaves shows highest in ethanolic extract (33.17 ± 4.72 mg/g) and lowest in ethyl acetate extract from flower (4.71 ± 0.07 mg/g), Similarly, flavonoid content of leaves shows highest in ethanolic extract (1.43 ± 0.01 mg/g) and lowest in aqueous extract of flower (0.23 ± 0.09 mg/g) but in case of tannin content, flower extracts shows higher tannin content in ethanolic extract (844.59 ± 10.38 mg/g) whereas lowest tannin content in leaf ethyl acetate extract (9.54 ± 6.98 mg/g). Conclusion: This is first report of comparative studies on total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin content of various solvent extracts both leaves and flowers from Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC) K Heyne.