Readiness for Telemedical Services in Patients With Cardiovascular Diseases: Cross-sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Telemedicine solutions, especially in the face of epidemiological emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic, played an important role in the remote communication between patients and medical providers. However, the implementation of modern technologies should rely on patients’ readiness toward new services to enable effective cooperation with the physician. Thus, successful application of patient-centric telehealth services requires an in-depth analysis of users’ expectations. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate factors determining readiness for using telehealth solutions among patients with cardiovascular diseases. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study based on an investigator-designed, validated questionnaire that included 19 items (demographics, health status, medical history, previous health care experience, expected telehealth functionalities, and preferred remote communication methods). Multivariate logistic regression was applied to assess the relationship between readiness and their determinants. Results: Of the 249 respondents, 83.9% (n=209) consented to the use of telemedicine to contact a cardiologist. The nonacceptance of using telemedicine was 2 times more frequent in rural dwellers (odds ratio [OR] 2.411, 95% CI 1.003-5.796) and patients without access to the internet (OR 2.432, 95% CI 1.022-5.786). In comparison to participants living in rural areas, city dwellers demonstrated a higher willingness to use telemedicine, including following solutions: issuing e-prescriptions (19/31, 61.3% vs 141/177, 79.7%; P=.02); alarming at the deterioration of health (18/31, 58.1% vs 135/177, 76.3%; P=.03); and arranging or canceling medical visits (16/31, 51.6% vs 126/176, 71.6%; P=.03). Contact by mobile phone was preferred by younger patients (OR 2.256, 95% CI 1.058-4.814), whereas older patients and individuals who had no previous difficulties in accessing physicians preferred landline phone communication. Conclusions: During a nonpandemic state, 83.9% of patients with cardiovascular diseases declared readiness to use telemedicine solutions.