KAJIAN VIKTIMOLOGI TERHADAP KORBAN TINDAK PIDANA PERDAGANGAN ORANG (STUDI POLRESTA BANDAR LAMPUNG)

Abstract

Human trafficking is a serious crime and a human rights violation. Human trafficking is an act that threatens human rights. In Bandar Lampung, this issue is important because the practice of human trafficking reveals that victims do not always play a passive role; some are actively involved due to vulnerability. This study aims to examine two things: (1) How is the victimology of human trafficking victims assessed? (2) How is the protection provided by Bandar Lampung Police investigators to human trafficking victims? The research method used is a qualitative method combining a normative legal approach and an empirical approach through interviews with investigators from the Women and Children Protection Unit (PPA), LPSK (Lembaga Penitentiary Agency) staff, academics, and analysis of legal regulatory literature. The results show that the victimology approach helps investigators assess the role of victims more fairly, by considering factors such as social, economic, and educational vulnerability, as well as the victim's lack of awareness of the modus operandi of human trafficking, so that victims are not immediately considered perpetrators. In terms of protection, the PPA Unit applies a victim-centered approach through collaboration with LPSK, Dinsos, and other institutions, encompassing legal, social, psychological, and physical protection. However, protection still faces obstacles in terms of facilities and technical guidelines. ABSTRAK TPPO merupakan kejahatan yang serius dan kejahatan HAM. TPPO merupakan tindakan yang mengancam HAM. Bandar Lampung, isu ini penting karena praktik TPPO mengungkap korban tidak selalu berperan pasif, sebagian justru terlibat secara aktif akibat kerentanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji dua hal, (1) Bagaimanakah kajian viktimologi terhadap korban TPPO? (2) Bagaimanakah perlindungan yang diberikan oleh penyidik Polresta Bandar Lampung terhadap korban TPPO?. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif menggabungkan pendekatan yuridis normatif dan pendekatan empiris melalui wawancara penyidik Unit PPA, Tenaga LPSK, Akademisi, Analisis literatur peraturan hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan viktimologi membantu penyidik menilai peran korban lebih adil, dengan mempertimbangkan faktor kerentanan sosial, ekonomi, pendidikan, ketidaktahuan korban terhadap modus TPPO, sehingga korban tidak langsung dianggap sebagai pelaku. Dalam hal perlindungan, Unit PPA menerapkan pendekatan victim-centered melalui kerja sama dengan LPSK, Dinsos, lembaga lainnya, mencakup perlindungan hukum, sosial, psikologis, fisik. Namun, perlindungan masih mengalami kendala dalam hal fasilitas dan pedoman teknis.