Spatial planning-based disaster mitigation model in coastal settlement zone of Banda Aceh City

Abstract

Disaster mitigation is the management of disaster risk that can help reduce the impact of a disaster and minimize its consequences. Spatial planning policy is key to disaster mitigation because it will affect the spatial distribution of development and community vulnerability to disasters. Communities living on the coast are very vulnerable to disasters so that disaster mitigation based on spatial planning will provide a suitable mitigation model for activities in coastal settlements, especially in the context of the coastal area of Banda Aceh City. The purpose of this research is to explain the relationship between spatial structure planning policies and the effectiveness of disaster mitigation in coastal settlement zones of Banda Aceh City so as to reveal policy domains or specific interventions that have a significant impact on the implementation and success of disaster risk reduction efforts. This research is within the multidisciplinary scope between spatial structure planning in coastal settlement zones and disaster mitigation using quantitative methods. The analysis technique used is correlation analysis and Structural Equation Model (SEM) statistical analysis. To obtain the integration of spatial structure planning with disaster mitigation implementation, hypotheses and theories made based on literature review were tested using questionnaires with Goodness of Fit and Confirmatory Factor analysis. Hypotheses H2 and H5 are likely to be accepted as the most influential. An effective spatial-based mitigation model, supported by strong community participation, is the most suitable strategy for regulating residential areas in the context of disaster mitigation. The results of this study identified key aspects of spatial structure planning policies that have an impact on disaster mitigation implementation. The findings provide information to policy makers, urban planning and disaster management authorities in Banda Aceh City and similar regions, thus providing actionable inputs in optimizing spatial structure planning policies for more effective disaster risk reduction strategies.