MHD stagnation point flow and heat transfer towards a permeable stretching/shrinking surface in a hybrid nanofluid

Abstract

The steady two-dimensional stagnation point flow and heat transfer past a permeable stretching/shrinking surface in a hybrid nanofluid with magnetic field effects is investigated. The governing equations of the problem are converted into a set of similarity equations by using similarity transformation. The resulting similarity equations are then solved numerically using the boundary value problem solver (bvp4c) in Matlab software. The effects of several parameters on the skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number as well as the velocity and temperature profiles are presented and discussed. Results found that dual solutions exist for a certain range of the stretching/shrinking and mass flux parameters. It is also found that the heat transfer rate increases with the increasing of the copper (Cu) nanoparticle volume fractions and mass flux parameter. A temporal stability analysis is performed to determine the stability of the dual solutions in a long run, and it is shown that only one of them is stable while the other is unstable.