Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and its Impact on Growth, Biomass and Yield of Agricultural Crops under Environmental Stress: A Review

Abstract

Background and Objective: Antimicrobial resistance is one of the biggest threats to world health, food security and development.Generally, infections-such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, gonorrhoea and salmonellosis-are becoming harder to treat as the drugs used totreat them become less efficacious. Present research was designed to investigate the antibacterial activities of green synthesized zincoxide nanoparticles and their antibiotic-potentiating effects in the presence of mucin against some Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria.Materials and Methods: The broth micro-dilution method was used for determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ofzinc oxide nanoparticles alone or in association with mucin using ciprofloxacin as a positive control. Results: Minimum inhibitoryconcentration indicated that zinc oxide nanoparticles and their combinations with mucin were able to inhibit the growth of all the studiedbacteria within a concentration range of 0.140-6.420 and 0.006-1.024 μg mLG1, respectively while the MIC range of 0.100-1.080 μg mLG1was recorded for ciprofloxacin positive standard antibiotic agent used. Significant synergistic effect was noted between zinc oxidenanoparticles and mucin combination on all tested bacteria except S. enteritidis. Present research has shown that zinc oxide nanoparticleis a potential antibacterial agent and the antibiotic effects were obviously potentiated in the presence of mucin. Conclusion: A noveltopical formulation containing zinc oxide nanoparticle and mucin will be beneficial in wound management especially in accident andemergency units.