National Strategy for Mangrove Ecosystem Management: A reference for the conservation and rehabilitation of coastal areas to achieve Sustainable Development Goals and Low Carbon Development

Abstract

This working paper examines greenhouse gas emissions associated with land use and land use change in Indonesia, with particular attention to peatland and forest ecosystems. The study analyzes emission sources, methodological challenges, and uncertainties in estimating emissions from deforestation, forest degradation, and peatland conversion. It highlights the importance of accurate data, transparent methodologies, and consistent accounting frameworks to support climate change mitigation efforts. The paper provides insights relevant to national greenhouse gas inventories, REDD+ implementation, and land-based climate policies in Indonesia.