Investigation and zoning of agro-climatology of Mughan and Gilan plains for the economic development of olive (Olea europaea) cultivation in Iran

Abstract

Climatic elements in different parts of production of human food resources are affected. One of these sectors is agricultural and horticultural crops products. One of the garden crops in which cultivation climatic elements are highly effective, is the olive (Olea europaea) garden crop Olive (Olea europaea) is the oldest plant used in the world. The aim of this study was to identify the effects of climate parameters on the yield of olive oil, which has been used for multi-criteria decision making. The data used in this study are total annual precipitation, average minimum temperature, average maximum temperature, average temperature, germination temperature, flowering temperature, humidity, elevation, gradient, evaporation, and freezing. In this study, 11 climatic variables of Mughan plain and nine climate variables in Gilan province were investigated with respect to the zoning of olive climate. In order to measure the land suitability of Mughan and Gilan plains for olive cultivation, eight stations have been used since the beginning of the year until 2018. The final results indicate that the two factors of precipitation and height are the most important factors affecting the olive because these two factors have the most weight among other parameters. According to the results of TOPSIS and VIKOR, according to ranking and weighting to each of the indicators, Germi and Rudbar were 97% and 58% respectively, and Parsabad and Manjil with the amount 0.03 and 0.20 have earned the last rank in the field of crop cultivation. According to the VIKOR model, the Q value of the studied climatic indexes, Germi, and Rudbar stations, ranked #1 in the best condition for olive but Parsabad farming Rasht is ranked 4th in the worst situation.