Errors in root canal preparation: a review of the literature and clinical case reports

Abstract

Chemo-mechanical preparation and the removal of infected dentine in order to eliminate microorganisms and avoid apical periodontitis remain the main objectives in endodontic treatment. Mechanical preparation of the root canal system not only provides the space for obturation but also facilitates disinfection of the root canal system through the use of irrigation solutions. Iatrogenic preparation errors affect the root canal anatomy and can result in apical canal transportation, uncentered preparations, ledge formation, or perforations. These errors are all associated with inferior outcomes of endodontic treatment. In this paper, the authors will discuss a review of the literature which considers some of these procedural errors and, using clinical case studies, will illustrate the appropriate clinical management when errors do occur.