Challenges and trends of the 21st century in higher education

Abstract

The article synthesizes an exploratory study of the trends and challenges of educational systems in the context of the fourth industrial revolution. The purpose is to analyze the advances and transformations that education has undergone for the formation of digital competences and how to face the demands of society today for this reason, by contrasting the different approaches and positions where it aims to generate responses to a society plural, diverse and globalized by constant changes and social tensions, among others. The methodology used is the systematic documentary review, taking into account inclusion and exclusion criteria through matrices and heuristics for the analysis of the information consulted. The findings found showed that in different international and national contexts they are transforming their technological developments and academic and labor competitiveness, enhancing the competences as well as participatory mechanisms of schools and companies, complying with the objectives of sustainable development. As a conclusion, it is imperative to optimize these competencies in teachers to increase the teaching-learning processes at the different educational levels, mainly in the use of Information Technology and innovation in the classroom and outside of it.